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Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to fragmented sleep and reduced oxygen levels in the blood.

There are three primary types of sleep apnea:

– Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Occurs when the muscles at the back of your throat relax excessively during sleep, leading to a temporary blockage of the upper airway.

– Central Sleep Apnea: Happens when your brain fails to send appropriate signals to the muscles that control breathing, resulting in periods of no breathing.

– Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome (Treatment-Emergent Central Sleep Apnea): A combination of OSA and central sleep apnea.

Causes and Risk Factors:

– Obesity: Excess weight, especially around the neck, increases the risk of airway obstruction.

– Anatomical Features: A thick neck, enlarged tonsils, or a large tongue can obstruct airflow.

– Age: Sleep apnea is more common in older adults.

– Gender: Men are more likely to develop sleep apnea than women.

– Family History: Genetics can play a role in the development of sleep apnea.

Understanding these factors can aid in early detection and management of sleep apnea.