Sleep apnea is a sleep disorder characterized by repeated interruptions in breathing during sleep, leading to fragmented sleep and reduced oxygen levels in the blood.
There are three primary types of sleep apnea:
– Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Occurs when the muscles at the back of your throat relax excessively during sleep, leading to a temporary blockage of the upper airway.
– Central Sleep Apnea: Happens when your brain fails to send appropriate signals to the muscles that control breathing, resulting in periods of no breathing.
– Complex Sleep Apnea Syndrome (Treatment-Emergent Central Sleep Apnea): A combination of OSA and central sleep apnea.
Causes and Risk Factors:
– Obesity: Excess weight, especially around the neck, increases the risk of airway obstruction.
– Anatomical Features: A thick neck, enlarged tonsils, or a large tongue can obstruct airflow.
– Age: Sleep apnea is more common in older adults.
– Gender: Men are more likely to develop sleep apnea than women.
– Family History: Genetics can play a role in the development of sleep apnea.
Understanding these factors can aid in early detection and management of sleep apnea.